Nutrigenomics and Molecular Nutrition Approaches in Livestock Development: A Review
Eliezer, G. U. *
Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Udoh, J. E.
Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
Isaac, L. J.
Department of Animal Science, University of Uyo, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Nutrigenomics and molecular nutrition represent innovative approaches in livestock development, providing insight into how nutrients influence gene expression, metabolism and overall animal performance. This review examines recent advances in understanding nutrient gene interactions and their implications for improving growth, health and productivity in livestock species. Through omic technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, researchers can identify nutrient responsive genes and molecular pathways that regulate metabolic efficiency, immune response and feed conversion. Molecular nutrition strategies have further enabled the formulation of precision diets and functional feeds that enhance genetic potential while minimizing environmental impact. The integration of genomic data with nutritional management promotes sustainable animal production by optimizing resource utilization and reducing emissions. Despite challenges related to high implementation costs, bioinformatics capacity and limited genomic databases in developing regions, nutrigenomics holds great promise for advancing livestock breeding and management. This review highlights emerging applications, benefits, and future prospects of nutrigenomic tools in livestock development, focusing on how integrating genomic and nutritional data can optimize breeding programs, enable diet designs tailored to specific breeds or production stages, and promote environmental sustainability through improved feed efficiency and reduced emissions.
Keywords: Nutrigenomics, molecular nutrition, livestock production, gene nutrient interaction, omic technologies, precision feeding